Apochela, from Schuster et al. 1980: “…with cephalic papillae and claws with the primary and secondary branches distinctly separate.”
Apochela, from Bertolani et al. 2014: “Eutardigrada having claws with completely separated primary and secondary branches; papillae around the mouth (peribuccal papillae) and 2 lateral papillae on the head (cephalic papillae); elongated pharyngeal bulb completely without placoids.”
Milnesiidae, from Schuster et al. 1980: “…which has cephalic papillae and has claws with well-separated primary and secondary branches…”
Genus description from Claxton 1999: “Semi-terrestrial eutardigrade belonging to the family Milnesiidae. Mouth surrounded by six papillae and six buccal lamellae which form an operculum. Mouth at anterior of long protrusible snout. Snout enclosing long mouth cavity which is thick walled and has a cuticular ring at two thirds its length; buccal tube long and rigid. Stylets long and fine, stylet supports short and flat.”
![](https://tardigrada.help/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Milnesioides_parts.jpg)
![](https://tardigrada.help/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/head-milnesioides-587x1024.jpg)
Citations:
Bertolani R, Guidetti R, Marchioro T, Altiero T, Rebecchi L, Cesari M. 2014. Phyloeny of Eutardigrada: New molecular data and their morphological support lead to the identification of new evolutionary lineages. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 76: 110-126.
Claxton SK. 1999. Milnesioides exsertum gen. n. sp. n., a new tardigrade from Australia (Tardigrada: Milnesiidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger. 238: 183-190.
Schuster RO, Nelson DR, Grigarick AA, Christenberry D. 1980. Systematic criteria of the Eutardigrada. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society. 99: 284-303.